To demonstrate the distinguishing mechanical properties of steel and ductile iron, large diameter samples were gathered, cut, and subjected to mechanical property testing. Early period corrosion and scaling characteristics of ductile iron pipe for ground water supply with sodium hypochlorite disinfection. Ductile iron is a type of cast iron known for its impact and fatigue resistance, elongation, and wear resistance due to the spherical round graphite structures in the metal. March 28, 2014, subhasish, comments off on 10 benefits of ductile iron the strongest iron. Iso 1083 2004 standard for ductile iron material grades and. Moradi school of metallurgy and materials engineering, university of tehran, 14174 tehran, iran abstract. These are briefly suggested below and explained in more detail under process steps. Ductile iron data for design engineers table of contents preface i. Ductile iron is not a single material but part of a group of materials which can be produced with a wide range of properties through control of their microstructure. Author links open overlay panel haiya zhang a lvtong zhao a dibo liu a jun. The properties of austempered cast iron include eight common variations. Continuous testing and field experience have brought the production and use of ductile iron pipe to maturity.
The meet structural expectations of ductile iron, more in process controls, closer iron control, and more analyses and tests are necessary. Mechanical properties of thixoformed austempered ductile iron. Means to the user the improved mechanical properties increase its resistance to breakage from physical load, or mechanical and thermal shock far above that of gray iron. Austempererd ductile iron is the most recent development in the area of. Examples of the use of ncis are automotive parts such as camshafts, crankshafts, water pump housings, valves and steering articulations3,4. Vinidex offers a large selection of ductile valves to support its ductile iron pipe range, including. Sae j434 for automotive ductile nodular iron castings. It has comparatively high te nsile strength, and also high is a good cast iron material. Elwakil1,4 abstract waterworks fittings and accessories are important applications for. It is widely used due to its favorable characteristic features. Ductile iron owes its remarkable mechanical properties to the spheroidal shape of its graphite. Asnzs 2280 for ductile iron pressure pipes and fittings.
Effect of graphite nodularity on mechanical properties of. Only a specialist in metallurgy field knows the benefits of this strongest form of iron which is widely available in the market. It discusses the hardness properties, tensile properties, shear and torsional properties, damping capacity, compressive properties, fatigue properties, and fracture toughness of ductile iron. Processing techniques and productions of ductile iron. Ductile iron astm a536 grade 805506 penticton foundry. This is in part because the gross material being used is less for casting ductile iron. Early period corrosion and scaling characteristics of. Ductile iron astm a536 grade 654512 related standardssae j434c d4512. Ductile iron has great vibration damping and good corrosion resistance properties. Effect of graphite nodularity on mechanical properties of ductile iron for waterworks fittings and accessories a. Semisolid processing of metallic materials has been investigated for some time. Fonderie saguenay are a jobbing shop specializing in producing components in materials such as gray iron and ductile iron. Both metals are used for a wide range of applications, including construction equipment, pipe fittings, oil field machinery and even transportation services. Alloy data sheet astm a536 654512 ductile iron penticton.
Pdf mechanical properties of sgiron with different. Our dandong foundry could produce this material, and herein, we share its chemical co properties. It can have the highest tensile strength among the cast irons in the database. Effect of basic chemical element in sgi ductile iron. A galvanic series showing less noble anodic metals to the left and more noble cathodic metals to the right. This sae standard covers the minimum mechanical properties measured on separately cast test pieces of varying thickness and microstructural requirements for ductile iron castings used in automotive and allied industries. Previous works 1, 2 on ductile cast iron showed that the main factors affecting. Cast iron properties, classification, chemical composition. The following table has been compiled to assist with the selection of the ideal grade of cast iron for your castings. The difference between ductile iron and gray iron different. Astm a536842009 standard specification for ductile iron. The study of the mechanical properties and structure of. The current iso standard for ductile iron, iso 1083, specifies grades either by tensile strength, proof stress and elongation or.
The youngest but most successful member of a truly ancient family, ductile iron has suffered from an abundance of myths and a lack. Physical properties of ductile iron and alternative materials. A negative linear relationship between the proportion of stable scale component and the corrosion current density was established. Ductile iron pipe is available in five pressure classes, defined as the rated working pressure of the pipe, based on a minimum yield strength of 42,000 psi and a 2. Durabar ductile iron is a costsaving alternative to lowmedium carbon steels and has similar strengths with excellent free machining properties. Ductile iron has a great strength to weight ratio and can be made for a much lower cost than steel. Iso 1083 40012 astm a536 654512 is a nodular iron with a ferritic and pearlitic microstructure and mechanical properties comparable to low alloy steels. This sae standard covers the minimum mechanical properties measured on separately cast test pieces of varying thickness and microstructural requirements for ductile iron castings used in.
Ductile cast iron behaves elastically over a considerable stress range in both tension and compression. The results described in this paper show that unalloyed ductile iron. Astm a536842009 standard specification for ductile iron castings pdf download skip to the end of the images gallery. What ductile iron with ductile iron, the safety and reliability of process equipment is improved. Subsequently, the ductile iron surface became passivated and the difference of various naocl dosages affecting corrosion and scaling process turned to be negligible during stage iii 8090 days. Comparison of physical properties if cast iron with steel castings. China 202010 s798s804 mechanical properties of thixoformed austempered ductile iron b. Astm a536 ductile iron castings tensile requirements no. Ductile iron, like cast iron, is used for sewage service.
Ductile iron full lug butterfly valves download free bim. Clover ductile iron fittings comply with the requirements of the following standards and dimensions. Key difference galvanized pipe vs ductile cast iron iron is a metal that is used for the production of different equipment. Pdf mechanical properties enhancement of ductile iron by.
Standard for corrosion protection of ductile iron pipe in aggressive environments. Ductile iron data for design engineers revised edition. These properties include tensile strength, elongation and hardness. C ountry grade 604018 grade 654512 grade 805506 grade 1007003 grade 1209002 1 tensile strength, min, psi 60,000 65,000 80,000 100,000 120,000. Mechanical properties of ductile irons1 cast iron science. Ductile iron is also called ductile cast iron, spheroidal graphite cast iron, or nodular cast iron. Jul 28, 2016 the ductile iron advantage ductile iron can be easily cast and machined. During the last years the industrial use of ncis iron has been increasing and many investigations on the characterization and improvement of its mechanical properties have been developed2. Comparison of the mechanical properties of steel and ductile. Click download or read online button to get ductile iron handbook book now. The outstanding properties of ductile iron are due to a nodular or spheroidal. For more specific values, follow the links immediately below. Difference between galvanized pipe and ductile cast iron.
When used in bodies for valves it is called spheroidal graphite cast iron, as is. Early period corrosion and scaling characteristics of ductile. Emj sells durabar brand 654512 ductile iron, which is good for making electromagnets. Oluwasegun abstractductile cast irons are materials having strength, impact toughness and ductility comparable to those of many grades of steel while exceeding by far those of standard gray irons. Comparison of the mechanical properties of steel and. Iso 1083 2004 standard for ductile iron material grades.
Some mechanical properties of austempered ductile iron. Welding of ductile iron with nifemn filler metal a new filler metal system can be used with several welding processes to produce joints in ductile iron that match or exceed base metal properties up to 80,000 psi 552 mpa by t. Astm a536 ductile iron grades grade designation is in the form of xxyyzz, where. Structural characterization and mechanical properties of pearlite. Corrosion control polyethylene encasement ductile iron. In the present investigation the influence of the microstructure, obtained after an austempering treatment in a process window, on the mechanical properties of austempered ductile iron has been investigated. In ductile irons, graphite is in the form of nodules rather than flakes as in grey iron.
Excessive amount of research is being carried out to develop even better properties. Microstructure and properties of ductile iron and compacted. Astm a536 805506 ductile iron, sg iron chemical composition, mechanical and physical properties astm a536 805506 is a special ductile cast iron grade. Corrosion is the manifestation of the second law of thermodynamics, entropy, the inexorable march toward disorder.
Information which gives you physical properties of ductile iron. Factors that affect the properties of the ductile iron. Ductile iron is a high strength, tough material used in water and wastewater systems in all 50 states of the united states and in many other areas of the world. The title describes both the contents and the objective of this book. They are equally effective for onoff, throttling, or isolation service requirements.
Also available as a downloadable pdf file from the downloads page. C ountry grade 604018 grade 654512 grade 805506 grade 1007003 grade 1209002 1 tensile. Special test methods were employed to simulate typical conditions of reciprocating sliding wear with and without abrasive contaminated lubricant for. Ductile iron pipe, and highlight field investigations across the nation. Ductile iron full lug butterfly valves download free. Ring test chamfering, grinding, dimension checking and mechanical properties test etc, in order to assure the quality of pipes. Those properties allow it to be used effectively in a wide variety of industrial applications, including pipe, automotive components, wheels, gear boxes, pump. Microstructure and properties of ductile iron and compacted graphite iron. These properties are further enhanced by control of the chemical analysis and heat treatment of the metal matrix. The current iso standard for ductile iron, iso 1083, specifies grades either by tensile strength, proof stress and elongation or brinell hardness. Pdf a mechanical properties model for ductile iron researchgate. Sae j434 for automotive ductile nodular iron castings by dandong foundry in china. Upgrading of properties in cast iron and steel is mainly achieved by alloying and in fewer cases by heat treatment.
Astm a536 ductile iron castings tensile requirements. After the precise quality inspecting, ductile cast iron pipes possess reliable strength, correct dimensions, uniform wall thickness, smoothly surface of inside and outside. Comparison of physical properties if cast iron with. But, there are some unfavorable properties as well. This technical publication discusses the design basis and important criteria used in the wall thickness design of ductile iron pipe. As4087 for metallic flanges for waterworks purposes. It is a comprehensive summary of data describing the engineering properties of ductile iron. Ductile iron handbook download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi.
Ductile iron has a great strength to weight ratio and can be made. Continuous casting of ductile and gray iron dominates the industry in terms of low material cost, high machinability and high performance. As for the previous version, please refer to iso 1083 1987. It will also discuss polyethylenes advantages over other corrosionprotection methods, explain how to ascertain if protection is warranted, outline proper installation. The chemical compositions in ductile iron are always considered in the range. Ductile iron has greater strength and ductility then gray iron. As4020 for products in contact with drinking water. How polyethylene encasement protects ductile iron pipe at the trench, crew members encase ductile iron pipe with a tube or sheet of polyethylene immediately before installing the pipe. The common defining characteristic of this group of materials is the shape of the graphite. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. The key difference between galvanized pipe and ductile cast iron is that galvanized pipes are produced by applying a zinc coating to cover the surface of pipes whereas ductile cast iron is produced by mixing graphite with iron. These softseated butterfly valves are designed for a variety of general applications in the control of water, air, oil, gases, and corrosive media. Those properties allow it to be used effectively in a wide variety of industrial applications, including pipe, automotive components, wheels, gear boxes, pump housings, machine frames for the windpower industry, agriculture, road and construction applications, paper manufacturing units.
The importance of matrix in controlling mechanical properties is emphasized by the use of matrix names to designate the ductile iron as ferritic, pearlitic and ferriticpearlitic ductile iron with. Comparison of physical properties of gray and ductile iron. This study was undertaken to evaluate the wear resistance of different grades of ductile iron as alternatives to high tensile strength alloyed and inoculated gray irons and bronzes for machine tool and highpressure hydraulic components. Previous works 1, 2 on ductile cast iron showed that the main factors affecting the mechanical properties are metallurgical structures. Mechanical and structural properties of ductile cast iron.
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